piątek, 31 maja 2013

Examples of acids:

Hydrochloric acid is a solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water, that is a highly corrosive, strong mineral
acid. It is found naturally in gastric acid. Hydrochloric acid is a strong inorganic acid that is used in many
industrial processes.
E.g. : hydrochloric acid can be used to regulate the acidity (pH) of solutions.
OH− + HCl → H2O + Cl−
In industry demanding purity (food, pharmaceutical, drinking water), high-quality hydrochloric acid is used
to control the pH of process water streams. In less-demanding industry, technical quality hydrochloric acid
suffices for neutralizing waste streams and swimming pool treatment
Acetic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH. It is a colourless liquid that when
undiluted is also called glacial acetic acid. Acetic acid is the main component of vinegar (apart from water),
and has a distinctive sour taste and pungent smell. It is mainly produced as a precursor to polyvinylacetate
and cellulose acetate. Although it is classified as a weak acid, concentrated acetic acid is corrosive, and
attacks the skin.
Mineral acids (inorganic acids)
· Hydrogen halides and their solutions:
hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrobromic acid
(HBr), hydroiodic acid (HI)
· Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
· Fluorosulfuric acid (HSO3F)
· Nitric acid (HNO3)
· Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
· Fluoroantimonic acid (HSbF6)
· Fluoroboric acid (HBF4)
· Hexafluorophosphoric acid (HPF6)
· Chromic acid (H2CrO4)
· Boric acid (H3BO3)
Carboxylic acids
· Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
· Citric acid (C6H8O7)
· Formic acid (HCOOH)
· Gluconic acid HOCH2-(CHOH)4-COOH
· Lactic acid (CH3-CHOH-COOH)
· Oxalic acid (HOOC-COOH)

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